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Automobile die-casting molds are important process equipment in die-casting production. The metal liquid cools and solidifies in the die casting mold, forming a die casting. The shape, size, quality, and smoothness of die-casting production are closely related to automotive die-casting molds.

1. Basic Structure of Automobile Die Casting Dies

The commonly used automotive die-casting molds consist of two half molds, called fixed molds and dynamic molds. There are also more complex die-casting molds, with more than two and a half molds.

The functions of the components of the die-casting mold are as follows:

(1) Vertical sprue: connecting the pressure chamber or to the horizontal sprue, including the sprue sleeve and diversion cone.

(2) Pouring system: The channel through which the alloy liquid enters the mold cavity, including the internal sprue, transverse sprue, and vertical sprue.

(3) Cavity: The geometric shape of a die casting formed on an insert.

(4) Core pulling mechanism: It completes the extraction and insertion of movable cores, including slides, sliders, oil cylinders, and slashes.

(5) Overflow discharge system: exhaust body and storage of cold metal residue, etc.

(6) Temperature control system: controls the temperature of automotive die-casting molds, including cooling water pipes and heating oil pipes.

(7) Ejection mechanism: Ejects die-casting parts from the mold cavity, including ejector rods, etc.

(8) Dynamic mold frame: Connect and fix dynamic mold components, including sleeve plates, support plates, etc.

2. Design requirements for automotive die-casting molds

The following key points should be noted when designing automotive die-casting molds:

(1) It is necessary to adopt advanced and simple structures as much as possible to ensure stable and reliable operation, convenient daily maintenance and repair.

(2) To consider the modifiability of the pouring system, necessary modifications can be made during the debugging process.

(3) Reasonably select various tolerances, scales, and machining allowances to ensure reliable mold fit and required die casting accuracy.

(4) Select appropriate mold materials and reliable heat treatment processes to ensure the service life of automotive die-casting molds.

(5) It should have sufficient stiffness and strength to withstand mold locking pressure and expansion force, without deformation during the die-casting production process.

(6) Use standardized die-casting mold parts as much as possible to improve economy and interchangeability.

When designing the mold, it is also necessary to calculate the total projected area and injection specific pressure in die-casting production based on the projected area of the casting, in order to select a suitable tonnage die-casting machine. After selecting the die-casting machine, design the size, center position, reset rod hole position, and other dimensions of the mold that are connected to the die-casting machine based on the dynamic and static plates of the die-casting machine and the eccentric position of the injection.

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